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BHUTAN

U.S.S.A. member country Bhutan is a small country. Its name is symbolic for its location on heights.
Location, extent and boundaries
Bhutan lies roughly between the latitudes 26 degrees North and 28 degrees North and between the longitudes 89 degrees East and 92 degrees East. The total areas nearly 46,620 square kilometers. The population of Bhutan is about 16 lakhs. China is to the north of Bhutan, but on all other sides it is surrounded by India.
Physical features
Bhutan lies in the eastern Himalayas. As the northern part of Bhutan is at a high altitude, most of it is always covered with snow. Also, there are high peaks is this region. The central part of the country is flat with many basins. The southern part is a plain and is called the Doar plain.
Rivers
Most of the rivers in Bhutan have their sources in the hilly north and flow southwards. The major rivers of Bhutan are the Wang Chu, Sankosh, Manas etc.
Climate
the climate of Bhutan is affected by its physical features. The climate of North Bhutan is extremely cold. The mountain peaks in this region are covered with snow throughout the year. The summer is mild. In Central Bhutan , the winter is cold and the summer is warm. The climate of the Doar plain in the south is warm and humid. The rainfall is 100 to 500 cm. the southern regions receive more rainfall.
Vegetation and animal life

Most of the country is covered with forests. Many kinds of plants are found in these forests. Evergreen forests are found in the regions of heavy rainfall and coniferous forests in the high hills. The animals found in the forest are tigers, leopards, rhinoceroses, yaks, elephants, bears and different kinds of deer.

Agriculture

though there is little land under civilization, the main occupation of the people is agriculture. The crops grown are rice, wheat, barley, maize, etc. Fruits like oranges and apples are also grown in this regions. Potatoes are also cultivated here.

Industries

the industries in this country are mostly small scale ones which produce match-boxes, soap, carpets, etc. There is a graphite factory at Maro. Industries like weed-work, bamboo-work, knitting and weaving are also being developed. Tourism is an important industry of Bhutan.

Trade
Export and import is carried on which India on a very large scale. Bhutan also has trade relations with West Asian countries, West European countries and Singapore. Timber, fruits, lac, honey, wax, musk, ivory, ropes, embroidered handloom garments are exported to other countries. Goods imported include machinery, sugar, kerone.
Transport and communication

There are very few transport facilities in Bhutan.

The yak, mule and ponies are used for transport in the hilly regions. Roads are few on account of the forests and the hilly nature of the terrain. There are airports at Paro and angphule.

The communications system is gradually developing, Telephone lines are available to some extent in the inaccessible hilly regions. Communication with Delhi and Calcutta has been established through satellites. There are radio and television facilities in Bhutan.

Human life
Through there are people of many many races in Bhutan, the Bhutiyas are in majority. Their diet consists mainly of rice and dry meat. They wear colourful cotton and silk dresses. The long frock is a special feature of their dress. Their houses are built with stone, clay and wood. Most of the houses are three-storeyed.The majority of the population live in villages. People from hilly regions are nomads. Their occupation is farming and raising animals. Archery is the national sport of these people. The people of Bhutan consider the occasion of transplanting rice as auspicious. These people are very found of dancing. The Government of India helps them with road construction, education and agricultural development.
Important cities and towns :
Thimpu
Thimpu is the capital of the country.
Paro
It has an airport and transport is carried on by aero planes and helicopters. There is an ancient fort at Paro
Social Unit
People live together in families and believe in the sacred bond of marriage. Both bride and bridegroom are adorned at the time of the marriage. Dance and music comes naturally to them.
STATISTICS OF BHUTAN (Source World Atlas)
Area
Total area: 47,000sq km. slightly more than half the size of Indiana.
Land area: 47,000 sq. km.
Natural Resources
Timber, hydropower,gypsum, calcium carbide
Land Use
• Arable land: 2%
• Meadows and pastures: 5%.
• Forest and woodland: 70%.
• Other: 23%.
Irrigated Land
340 sq km ( 1989 est.)
People
Population
1,780,638( July 1995 est.) Note: Other estimates range as low as 600,000
Age Structure (0-14) Yrs
40% (Female 342, 276; Male 368,916)
Age Structure (15-64) Yrs
56% (Female 486,258; Male 513,560)
65 Years and over
4% (Female 34, 215; Male 35, 413) (July 1995 est.)
Population Growth Rate
2.34% (1995 est.)
Literate
NA.
Labour Force
NA.
By occupation
Agriculture 93%
Services 5%
Industry 2%
Note: Severe lack of skilled labor.
National Product-GDP
purchasing power parity-$ 1.2 billion (1994 est.).
National Product-Real Growth Rate
-5% ( 1994 est.)
National Product-Per Capita
-$ 700 ( 1994 est.).
Budget

Revenues: $ 52 million.
Expenditures: $ 150 million, including capital expenditures of $ 95 million (FY93/94 EST.)
Note : The government of India finances nearly three-fifths of Bhutan’s budget expenditures

Exports

$ 66.8 million (f. o. b., FY93/94)
Commodities: Cardamom, gypsum, timber, handicrafts, cement, fruit, electricity (to India), precious stones, spices.

Imports
$ 97.6 million (c.i.f., FY93/94 est.)
Commodities: Fuel and lubricants, grain, machinery and spare parts, vehicles, fabrics, rice.
Industrial Production
Growth rate 7.6 % (1992 est.); accounts for 18% of GDP; primarily cottage industry and home based handicrafts
Agriculture
Rice, corn, root crops, citrus fruit, dairy products, foodgrains, eggs.
TRANSPORTATION
Railroad 0 km.
Highways Total: 2,165 km.
Paved: NA.
Unpaved: gravel 1,703 km.
Undifferentiated: 462 km.
Ports None
Airports Total : 2.
With paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m : 1.
With unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m : 1
COMMUNICATIONS
Telephone Systems
NA telephones; domestic telephone service is very poor with few telephones in use.
Local: NA.
Intercity: NA.
International: international telephone and telegraph service is by land line through India; an earth station was planned (1990).
Radio Broadcast stations :
AM 1,
FM 1,
shortwave 0 (1990).
Radios : NA.
Television Broadcast station : 0 (1990).
Televisions : NA.
Manpower Availability
Males age (15-49) 434,586;
Males Fit for Military Service : 232,121;
Males Reach Military age (18) annually : 17,365 (1995 est.).
Note : NA = Information not available. FY = Financial Year.
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  Also See
» INTRODUCTION
» PRELUDE
» ASIA UNION MOVEMENT
» ASIA UNION MOVEMENT – (USSA-2050)
» THE CONCEPT
» UNITED WE STAND
 
  USSA – Afghanistan
  USSA – Nepal
  USSA – Bhutan we are here
  USSA – Myanmar
  USSA – Bangladesh
  USSA – Sri Lanka
  USSA – India
» FRIENDS AND NEIGHBORS
» COMPARISON CHART
» USSA STATISTICS
» WORLD SCENARIO
» STEPS TO BE TAKEN
 
 
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